- Comparison of Job Stressors between Managers and Employees in White-Collar Workers of an Electric Company.
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Jin Kook Tak, Kang Sook Lee, Hyun Sook Hong
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Korean J Prev Med. 2002;35(2):160-168.
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 Abstract
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This study was intended to investigate the differences of job stressors between managers and low level employees among white-collar workers. Another objective of this study was to examine whether the effects of job stressors on mental health differ between the two groups. METHODS: Data was obtained from 204 managers and 251 low level employees who were employed in white-collar jobs. Fourteen job stressors and seven job stress variables were measured. RESULTS: Among the 14 job stressors, role overload, job insecurity, and work-family conflict were higher job stressors for the manager group whereas role conflict, work-aptitude incongruity, participation in decision making, and promotion problems were higher job stressors for the low level of employees. There were no differences in job stress scores between the two groups. However, differences in the effects of job stressors on job stress were found between the two groups. For the manager group, job insecurity, work-aptitude incongruity, and work-family conflict significantly affected in explanation of job stress whereas for the low level employees, role underload, peer satisfaction, and environmental problems significantly explaining the job stress variables. CONCLUSIONS: There were significant differences in job stressors between managers and low level employees among white-collar workers. Additionally there were differences in the effects of job stressors on job stress between the two groups.
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Summary
- The Awareness and Countermeasures against Harmful Effect of Passive Smoking in Korean Adults.
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Hong Seok Sim, Kang Sook Lee, Hyun Sook Hong, Kwang Ho Meng
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Korean J Prev Med. 2000;33(1):91-98.
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This study is to evaluate the awareness, attitude, practice and the countermeasures against passive smoking in Korean adults. METHODS: By self-administered questionnaires, we assessed the knowledge, attitude, behavior for passive smoking and the countermeasure for reduction of it's harmful effects in 289 men and 238 women. RESULTS: The subjects that have heard about passive smoking were 96.8% in total and well known were 26.4% of current smoker, 56.6% of ex-smoker, and 14.8% of non-smoker(p=0.001). The irritative symptom from passive smoking was the most frequent in non-smokers and the most common place where exposed to passive smoking was public place. For attitude against passive smoking in 'no smoking allowed area', ex-smokers were the most active to recommend to stop smoking. And for opinion about establishment of 'no smoking allowed area', the restriction by law was the best acceptable method in smokers, exsmokers, and nonsmokers. In marking of 'no smoking allowed area', 69.9% of smokers answered no smoking, but in non-marking area only 6.3% stop smoking. When smokers were recommended to stop smoking, the more subjects stop smoking with good feeling in marking area, but the less in non-marking area. The factor associated the high awareness of passive smoking were aged(OR=1.07, 1.03-1.12), men(OR=4.34, 2.32-8.46). The persons who have known well about passive smoking had good attitude and behavior to prevent of harmful effect of passive smoking. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested that education program would be necessary to reduce the passive smoking.
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Summary
- The Risk Factors Associated with Increased Blood Pressure, Sugar and Lipids in Multi-phasic Health Checkup Examinee.
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Kang Sook Lee, Sang Deog Cho, Hyun Sook Hong
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Korean J Prev Med. 2000;33(1):69-75.
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Abstract
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This study was conducted to evaluate the risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease. METHODS: By the questionnaire, the informations of education level, monthly income, alcohol consumption and smoking habit were obtained. Height, weight and blood pressure(BP) were measured by a trained nurse. The level of fasting blood sugar(FBS), total cholesterol, hight-density lipoprotein(HDL) cholesterol and triglyceride were tested by enzyme method about a group of 2888 males and 1696 females ages over 20 who had never taken the medication for hypertension. Statistical analysis, ANOVA, stepwise multiple regression, correlation analysis were performed using SAS package program. RESULTS: There were significant differences among age groups in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index(BMI), FBS, triglyceride and cholesterol except HDL-cholesterol. The risk factors associated with systolic and diastolic BP significantly in male were BMI, age, alcohol intake, but in female BMI, age. Smoking habit had a significant negative correlation with BP in both sex. In the group of mild hypertension (> or =140 mmHg or> or =90 mmHg defined by JNC-VI) and hypertension (> or =160 mmHg or > or = 95 mmHg defined by WHO), the percent of diabetes (FBS> or =140 mg/dl), hypercholesterolemia (> or =240 mg/dl), and hypertriglyceridemia (> or =200 mg/dl) were signifcantly higher compared with normal group in male and female. BMI, and alcohol consumption had a positive correlation with FBS, total cholesterol and triglyceride. Smoking had a positive correlation with cholesterol and triglyceride but negative correlation with HDL-cholesterol in male. The educational attainment had a negative correlation with BMI, FBS, total cholesterol and triglyceride in female. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested that drinking, smoking, and BMI and lower educational level were associated with hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes, but further evaluation was needed by prospective intervention study.
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